India has reached a significant breakthrough in the field of astronomy with the unveiling of the MACE (Major Atmospheric Cheerenkov Experiment) telescope. Located in Hanle, Ladakh, this groundbreaking gamma-ray telescope is the world’s tallest, measuring 4,270 meters above sea level. It intends to strengthen our knowledge of outer space.
Innovative technology
The MACE telescope is a notable engineering success, created by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE).Featuring a diameter of 21 meters and a weight of 175 tonnes, MACE is fitted with 1,424 diamond-turned mirror facets and over 1,000 photomultiplier tubes. Its cutting-edge design facilitates the detection of gamma rays from intense celestial occurrences such as pulsars and supernovae.
Ideal location- – Hanle, Ladakh
Hanle was decided upon, considering its remarkable conditions for astronomical observations. Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, Dr. A.K. Mohanty called it a “heaven for gamma-ray astronomers.” The region’s dark and intense skies, minimal light pollution, and low humidity craft the perfect environment for studying the universe. Furthermore, there are plans for additional telescopes as well, to be built in the future in this unique location.
Exploring cosmic mysteries
MACE aims to investigate some of the most substantial phenomena of the universe, including the life cycles of stars and the conduct of supermassive black holes. Moreover, it will assist in the search for dark matter- – an enigmatic substance that is believed to make up much of the universe. Attributable to its high sensitivity, MACE can monitor gamma rays from even extremely distant sources, offering insights into dynamic processes far beyond our galaxy.
A demonstration of engineering excellence
Constructing MACE was a challenging initiative. Its large structure must be positioned with precision in under three minutes, necessitating careful design to stand up to the severe weather conditions in Ladakh. The telescope’s reflector area is over 350 square meters, and its mirror facets are aligned with remarkable accuracy. Even before its official opening, MACE had already detected gamma-ray flares from as far away as 200 million light-years.
India’s role in global astronomy
As the largest gamma-ray telescope in Asia and the highest worldwide, MACE enhances India’s standing in the global astronomy community. Dr. Annapurni Subramaniam, director of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, called it an “engineering marvel” for its ability to stand up to Hanle’s extreme winds. With its successful implementation, India is positioned to become a key player for astronomers around the globe, significantly contributing to space research.